Sun OBP

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Rozhraní OpenBoot (OpenBoot Prompt, OBP, OK prompt) na počítačích Sun. Skládá se z Boot PROM (1MiB paměť obsahující interpreter kódu, POST, obecné ovladače zařízení, CLI, výchozí nastavení a diagnostické příkazy) a z NVRAM (baterií zálohované EEPROM, obsahuje SN, HostID, MAC, hesla, obsah proměnných nvramrc). OBP je napsán v jazyku Forth (interpretovaný jazyk), pouze nejnutnější příkazy jsou psány v assembleru. OBP používá dva zásobníky (návratové adresy a data). K přístupu z OS slouží API openrom.

Verze OBP

1.x ... SPARCstation 1, 1+, IPC, SLC
2.x ... SPARCstation 2, 5, 10, 20
3.x ... Ultra workstations 95, 10, 30, 60, 80), Enterprise Server (250, 450, 3x00-6x00)
4.x ... Sun Fire, Sun Blade

Pohyb kurzoru v OBP

^P ... nahoru
^N ... dolu
^F ... vlevo
^B ... vpravo

Příkazy OBP

.version ... vypíše verzi OBP
.speed ... vypíše frekvenci procesoru
banner ... zobrazí základní informace o systému (verzi OBP, platformu, MAC, ID)
boot, go ... start OS
devalias ... nastavuji aliasy zařízení (do prvního vypnutí/restartu)
nvalias ... alisay zařízení, ale uloženo v nvram (tj. platí stále)
nvedit ... editor nvramrc (^C ukončuje editaci)
nvquit ... ukončí editor bez uložení
nvstore ... uloží konfiguraci do nvram
nvunalias ... smaže nastavení z nvram, ale nesmaže aktuální nastavení aliasu
power-off ... vypnutí počítače
printenv ... vypíše proměnné prostředí
probe-ide ... vypíše IDE zařízení
probe-scsi ... vypíše SCSI zařízení
probe-scsi-all ... vypíše SCSI zařízení 9všechna, tj. i externí)
properties ... výpis vlastností v device tree
reset, reset-all ... restart počítače
see ... vypíše význam slova
set-default ... nastaví výchozí hodnotu proměnné na danou hodnotu
set-defaults .. nastaví všechny proměnné do výchozího nastavení
show-devs ... vypíše device tree
show-disks ... vypíše adresy disků, vybráním jednoho řádku se tento zkopíruje do schránky
show-post-results ... vypíše výsledky POSTu
sifting ... vyhledá všechna slova obsahující daný výraz
sync ... zavolá jádro, vyprázdní cache
test floppy ... test disketové mechaniky
test net ... test síťového rozhraní
test scsi ... test SCSI rozhraní
test-all ... test všeho, co otestovat jde
watch-clock ... vypíše hodiny
watch-net ... vypíše stav sítě
words ... výpis definovaných slov v prostředí OBP

Proměnné OBP

auto-boot? ... automatický start počítače ze zařízení definovaných v boot-device
boot-device ... seznam zařízení pro boot (cdrom disk net)
boot-file ... soubor s jídrem
diag-device ... seznam zařízení pro boot v diagnostickém režimu

TN105 - Sun OpenBoot Prom 105.1 General 105.2 Getting to the boot monitor 105.3 Restore default NVRAM settings 105.4 Set boot device 105.5 Other good open boot commands to know 105.6 ttya console with framebuffer and keyboard attached 105.7 Show SCSI devices 105.8 Show fiber channel devices 105.9 Booting 105.10 LOMlite 105.11 Keyboard interrupt sequence (RS-232 BREAK Signal)

105.1 General

       Sun computers use a boot monitor program called "OpenBoot". From
       the boot monitor we can perform certain hardware tests, issue
       boot instructions, and set many parameters stored in nonvolatile
       RAM on the CPU board. Some of these setting must be adjusted
       for particular situations.

       Full documentation is available at:

       http://docs.sun.com:80/ab2/coll.216.2/@Ab2CollView

105.2 Getting to the boot monitor

       The best way is to cause an orderly system shutdown with
       one of these commands, shown in order of preference:

               shutdown -yi 0
               init 0
               halt

       If this is not possible then it can be forced by:

         From the tty console send a RS-232 BREAK signal.
         (serial consoles default to 9600,8,N,1)

         From a Sun Framebuffer/keyboard press the STOP key
         and the 'a' key at the same time.

       In general this method is BAD and has the same risks to
       the file system as just turning off the power.

       If you accidently sends a break or STOP-a, you can safely
       return to the running OS state with this command:

               ok> go

       If you issue ANY other commands first then go may not work.

105.3 Restore default NVRAM settings

            ok> set-defaults

105.4 Set boot device

            ok> setenv boot-device disk

            Other options include:

                       disk0   main SCSI controller target 0
                       disk1   main SCSI controller target 1
                       disk2   main SCSI controller target 2
                       disk3   main SCSI controller target 3
                       disk is same as disk3

            [if disk is not main SCSI controller ]

            ok> nvalias disk /sbus@1,f8000000/dma@3,81000/esp@3,80000/sd@3,0

            System may take 30 seconds during POST to show any response.
            Setting diag-switch? true will cause the POST to print details and
            system will show a response immediately but POST may take 2
            minutes.

            With diag-switch? true the boot device is set by diag-device

105.5 Other good open boot commands to know

            reset                    - reset system (like power cycle)
            devalias                 - Display all device aliases
            devalias <name> <value>  - Create or change a device alias
            show-devs                - Display the names of all devices
            show-disks
            diag-switch? true        - extended POST diags
            nvunalias  <alias>       - This will unset an alias - you must
                                       then reset for it to take affect.
            setenv diag-switch? true - turn on diagnostic messages (will boot
                                       from diag boot device also.)

105.6 ttya console with framebuffer and keyboard attached

            ok> setenv output-device ttya
            ok> setenv input-device ttya

105.7 Show SCSI devices

            ok> probe-scsi
            ok> probe-scsi-all

            it may be necessary to set auto-boot?=false and then reset
            before probe-scsi will work
               Syntax: setenv auto-boot? false

105.8 Show fiber channel devices

            ok> probe-fcal-all

            it may be necessary to set auto-boot?=false and then reset
            before probe-scsi will work
               Syntax: setenv auto-boot? false

            ok> show-disks
            a) /sbus@3,0/SUNW,fas@3,8800000/sd
            b) /sbus@2,0/SUNW,soc@d,10000/SUNW,pln@b0000000,87300d/SUNW,ssd
            c) /sbus@2,0/SUNW,soc@d,10000/SUNW,pln@a0000000,8a1abd/SUNW,ssd
            q) NO SELECTION
            Enter Selection, q to quit:  c

            ok> nvalias ra001 ^Y@3,0:a

105.9 Booting

       ok> boot        # Normal boot

       ok> boot -v     # Normal boot, verbose output

       ok> boot -s     # boot single user

       ok> boot -r     # boot and reconfigured devices
                       # necessary when new devices are added

       ok> boot -a     # ask for configuration info
                       # if /etc/system file was damaged try:
                       #  /etc/system.orig or /dev/null

105.10 LOMlite

       Some systems support Lights Out Management. LOMlite is a monitor program
       available on the system console when the system is powered off and
       provides event monitoring the running OS.

       LOMlite is documented in the "LOMlite User's Guide" 806-2038-10 and in
       the Netra t1 User and Administration Guide.

       Summary of common LOM commands

         #.              To get to LOM from when the console is used by the
                         boot monitor or the OS

         console         To get return the console to it original state.

         environment     Display status of system

         faulton         Turn fault light on

         faultoff        Turn fault light off

         reset           Reset system

         poweron         Turn power on

         poweroff        Turn power off

         show            Show all available info

       From Solaris LOM can be configured using lomctl. There is a
       configuration file /etc/lom.conf.

       By default systems with LOM run a watch dog process: tsdog started by
       /etc/init.d/tsaldog. /etc/init.d/lomlited starts daemon that reports any
       state changes to syslogd.

       See also lomctl(1M), lominfo(1M), lomprog(1M), lom(7d), tsdog(1M),
       tsctl(1M), tsstate(1M), and tsunlock(1M) man pages.

       The LOM software for Solaris is not included in the standard
       distribution. To reinstall order CD: X6972A.

105.11 Keyboard interrupt sequence (RS-232 BREAK Signal)

       By default consoles attached via the serial port interrupt the system
       and bring up the boot monitor when an RS-232 Break is received.

       A BREAK condition that originates from an erroneous electrical signal
       cannot be distinguished from one deliberately sent by the attached
       terminal or terminal server. The Cisco 2511 terminal for example
       typically sends a BREAK when it is power cycled, causing the attached
       Sun's to stop and go the boot monitor prompt. It may also be caused by
       unplugging or plugging in a serial cable. While the Sun can be restarted
       by typing 'go' it may be better to prevent the problem.

       Solaris 8 provides a solution. For a full explanation see the man page
       on kbd.

       For a general discussion of the problem:

           http://www.stokely.com/unix.sysadm.resources/faqs.sun.html

       For Cisco's discussion of the problem:

           http://www.cisco.com/warp/public/770/fn-tsbreak.html

       For a list of terminal servers that do and don't have the problem:

           http://www.conserver.com/consoles/breakoff.html

       For a device that prevents it:

           http://www.nudata.com/workstationproducts1.htm

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